Fig. 3 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 3

From: Early European evidence of artificial cranial modification from the Italian Late Upper Palaeolithic Arene Candide Cave

Fig. 3

PC1 and PC2 scatterplot, landmarks and semilandmarks analysis. Red circle: pathological or unintentionally modified individuals (Sca: Scaphocefaly, Tur: Turrocephaly, Mic: Microcephaly, Pla: Plagiocephaly). Black triangle: Epigravettian individuals; black square: Neolithic individuals; black diamond: Mesolithic individuals. Blue circle: intentionally modified individuals (Annular oblique ACM). Brown triangle: AC12 mean reconstruction; green triangle: different AC12 reconstructions; fuchsia triangle: AC12 original specimen. Shape changes on the sides of the plot exhibit + -2 standard deviation of each PCs, visualized using TPS deformation on a reference specimen.

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