Fig. 1

Basic array antenna model #1, (a) top view, (b) bottom view, (c) S-parameter responses, (d) radiation gain response, and (e) radiation efficiency performance. The figures and the plots have been generated by the CST Microwave Studio version 2024 as a 3D full-wave electromagnetic software. Software link: https://www.3ds.com/products/simulia/cst-studio-suite18.