Fig. 2
(a) Basic array antennas with a defected ground plane (DGP) that includes a square slot loaded with metasurface (MTS)-based complementary split ring resonators (CSRR). The top side of the antenna remains unchanged and is similar to Fig. 1a. (b) MTS-based CSRR unit cell. (c) Equivalent circuit model of the SRR unit cell. (d) Comparison of the S-parameter responses for the first (1) and second (2) array antennas before and after applying DGS constructed by MTS-based CSRR loading. (e) Comparison of radiation properties, including gain, and (f) efficiency. Please note that, due to the symmetric nature of the array layout (i.e., S11 = S22 = S33 = S44), only S11, S12, S13, and S14 are presented to avoid unnecessary information. The figures and the plots have been generated by the CST Microwave Studio version 2024 as a 3D full-wave electromagnetic software. Software link: https://www.3ds.com/products/simulia/cst-studio-suite18.
