Table 4 Parameters of the model and the faults that impact them.

From: Condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of power transformer based on non-invasive measurement

Model parameter

Type of fault

Resistances (\(R\))

Disk broking, caulking damage and wearing of tap changer

Series inductances (\(L\))

Disk misrepresentation, local failure, core perversion, and winding short circuit

Series capacitances (\({C}_{s}\))

Insulation aging, moisture infiltration, and disk displacement

Shunt capacitances (\({C}_{g}\))

Disk displacement, large mechanical forces buckling, ingress moisture