Fig. 2 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 2

From: Vaccinia virus modulates the redox environment by inhibiting reactive oxygen and nitrogen species with increased activity of endogenous antioxidant enzymes

Fig. 2

VACV infection exerts antioxidant effect and decreases intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS were measured using the fluorogenic marker carboxy-H2DCFDA at 4 post-infection times (A: 3 hpi), (B: 6 hpi), (C: 12 hpi), (D: 24 hpi) and 2 different MOI (0.1 and 1) of VACV. Cell control (CC), antioxidant control (N-acetylcysteine NAC; 10mM) ROS-inducing positive control (hydrogen peroxide H2O2; 1000µM), and UV-inactivated VACV were included. The results are expressed as mean ± SEM, where * p ≤ 0.05 ** p ≤ 0.01 *** p ≤ 0.001 **** p ≤ 0.0001 compared with the control group (p < 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-test).

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