Table 16 Relative error analysis of ANFIS-based models for S&P 500 index prediction, showing ANFIS-ChHHO’s superior performance with the lowest MARE (0.0032336), MSRE (2.0298 × 10−5), RMSRE (0.0045054), and RMSPE (0.45054).

From: Optimizing adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system model based Chaotic Harris Hawks algorithm for stock prediction

 

MARE

MSRE

RMSRE

RMSPE

ANFIS

0.0056688

5.3597e-5

0.0066028

0.66028

ANFIS-ChHHO

0.0032336

2.0298e-5

0.0045054

0.45054

ANFIS – HHO

0.003675

2.367e-5

0.0048651

0.48651

ANFIS – PSO

0.0037235

2.5016e-5

0.0050016

0.50016

ANFIS-GWO

0.0040022

5.1313e-5

0.0063016

0.63016

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