Table 32 Comparison of the PFNBSS model with relevant existing approaches.

From: Pythagorean fuzzy N-bipolar soft sets-based multi-criteria decision-making framework for sustainability evaluation and risk assessment in manufacturing industries

Group

Approach

Membership

Type

Membership

Superiority

Parameterization

Support

Evaluation

Type

Evaluation

Scale

Bipolar

Capability

1. Classical Models

FS1

F

Low

Not Supported

Continuous

Single-Valued

Absent

IFS2

IF

Medium

Not Supported

Continuous

Single-Valued

Absent

PFS3

PF

High

Not Supported

Continuous

Single-Valued

Absent

2. Soft Sets

SS7

None

–

Supported

Discrete

Binary

Absent

FSS10

F

Low

Supported

Continuous

Binary

Absent

IFSS11

IF

Medium

Supported

Continuous

Binary

Absent

PFSS12

PF

High

Supported

Continuous

Binary

Absent

3. Bipolar Soft Sets

BSS20

None

–

Supported

Discrete

Binary

Present

FBSS21

F

Low

Supported

Continuous

Binary

Present

IFBSS22

IF

Medium

Supported

Continuous

Binary

Present

PFBSS22

PF

High

Supported

Continuous

Binary

Present

4. N-Soft Sets

NSS25

None

–

Supported

Discrete

multi-valued

Absent

FNSS26

F

Low

Supported

Continuous

multi-valued

Absent

IFNSS27

IF

Medium

Supported

Continuous

multi-valued

Absent

PFNSS30

PF

High

Supported

Continuous

multi-valued

Absent

5. N-Bipolar Soft Sets

NBSS33

None

–

Supported

Discrete

multi-valued

Present

FNBSS35

F

Low

Supported

Continuous

multi-valued

Present

IFNBSS36

IF

Medium

Supported

Continuous

multi-valued

Present

PFNBSS (Proposed)

PF

High

Supported

Continuous

multi-valued

Present