Fig. 3 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 3

From: High-dose multi-strain Bacillus probiotics enhance treatment and reduce antibiotic usage in children with persistent diarrhea through immune and microbiota modulation

Fig. 3

Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines levels (pg/mL) in blood samples and IgA levels (µg/mL) in stool samples of Control and Dia30 groups at day 5 compared to day 0. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to calculate the median differences in IL-17 (A), IL-23 (B), TNF-α (C), and IL-6 (D) pro-inflammatory cytokine, anti-inflammatory IL-10 (E) cytokine, and IgA (F) levels at day 0 and day 5 in each group. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compared cytokine and IgA concentrations (A–F) between the two independent groups. Only samples with measurable cytokine and IgA concentrations at day 0 were included in the statistical analysis. 95% CI for median in each group and the median difference between the two groups were shown in Fig. 3. The significance level of all analyzes was set at the p < 0.05.

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