Table 49 Consensus mechanism and latency impact.
From: A hybrid deep learning model for detection and mitigation of DDoS attacks in VANETs
Consensus mechanism | Avg latency | Fault tolerance | Use case justification |
|---|---|---|---|
RAFT | 10–60 s | High | Not suitable due to latency |
PoW |  ~ 100–300 ms | Moderate (f ≤ (n-1)/3) | Best fit for VANET |
PBFT |  ~ 150 ms | Crash fault-tolerant | Good for lightweight VANET chains |
