Table 6 Integration summary table.

From: A hybrid deep learning model for detection and mitigation of DDoS attacks in VANETs

Aspect

ADA Phase

EGOA Phase

Role

Global exploration

Local exploitation

Execution Order

\({\varvec{F}}{\varvec{o}}{\varvec{r}}\boldsymbol{ }{\varvec{t}}\in \left(1,\frac{maxiter}{2}\right)\)

\({\varvec{F}}{\varvec{o}}{\varvec{r}}\boldsymbol{ }{\varvec{t}}\in \left(\frac{maxiter}{2}+1, maxiter\right)\)

Conflict Handling

Based on best fitness after both phases

Redundant features pruned post-selection

Feature Representation

Binary subset encoding (0 = exclude, 1 = include)

Same binary encoding

Final Subset Decision

Fitness score + minimum feature count

Enforced compactness and low redundancy