Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics.

From: Nasal Aβ42 mirrors brain amyloid dynamics and cognitive decline across the Alzheimer’s disease continuum

 

Total

CU

Preclinical

MCI

AD

p-value

N

161

32

29

73

27

 

Female, N (%)

100 (62)

21 (66)

20 (69)

39 (53)

20 (74)

0.193

Age, years

74.36 (8.12)

69.69 (7.54)

74.76 (6.39)

74.10 (8.33)

80.19 (5.82)

< 0.001

Education, years

11.07 (4.90)

10.59 (4.96)

12.21 (4.90)

11.90 (4.33)

8.19 (5.04)

0.008

APOE ε4 carrier, N (%)

51 (36)

4 (16)

10 (38)

26 (38)

11 (48)

0.114

MMSE

24.62 (4.23)

27.75 (2.12)

27.00 (1.89)

24.86 (2.65)

17.70 (3.58)

< 0.001

CDR

0.45 (0.34)

0.09 (0.20)

0.29 (0.25)

0.49 (0.15)

0.93 (0.30)

< 0.001

GDS

2.99 (0.91)

1.97 (0.53)

2.59 (0.62)

3.15 (0.57)

4.19 (0.67)

< 0.001

CERAD

58.37 (16.43)

71.78 (10.78)

70.24 (11.60)

55.77 (12.11)

36.78 (9.03)

< 0.001

Aβ-PET positivity, N (%)

96 (60)

0 (0)

29 (100)

43 (59)

24 (89)

< 0.001

Aβ-PET, [18F]Flutemetamol SUVR

0.67 (0.13)

0.57 (0.07)

0.75 (0.12)

0.65 (0.13)

0.74 (0.12)

< 0.001

  1. Data are expressed as mean (SD) or percentage (%), as appropriate. p-values are from Chi-square test for categorical data and one-way ANOVA followed by Turkey’s post hoc comparisons for continuous variables.
  2. Aβ, amyloid beta; AD, Alzheimer’s disease; ANOVA, analysis of variance; APOE, apolipoprotein E; CDR, Clinical Dementia Rate; CERAD, Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease; CU, cognitively unimpaired; GDS, Global Deterioration Scale; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; PET, positron emission tomography; SD, standard deviation; SUVR, standard uptake value ratio.
Back to article page