Fig. 3

Statistical analysis of metabolomic differences between immature and mature B. aegyptiaca fruits. (A) 2D score plot of PCA showing clear separation between immature and mature fruit samples; ellipses represent 95% Hotelling’s confidence intervals, (B) PLS-DA biplot, (C) HCA dendrogram and (D) volcano plot identifying significantly different metabolites (Mature/Immature); the five most significant metabolites are labelled.