Fig. 3 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 3

From: Integrating horticultural practices with smallholder resources improves Rosa roxburghii yield and nitrogen use efficiency

Fig. 3

Relative chemical nitrogen use (a), planting density (b), pest control adoption rate (c), and number of pruning times (d) and weed control times (e) of R. roxburghii production among the different smallholder groups. Error bars indicate standard error (SE). Different letters represent statistically significant differences based on LSD (Least Significant Difference) test at P < 0.05. LL, low-yielding and low-efficiency; LH: low-yielding and high-efficiency, high-yielding and low-efficiency (HL), and high-yielding and high-efficiency (HH).

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