Fig. 5

DCA curve of the training set and the validation set. (a) The DCA curves of the model in the training sets, (b) the DCA curves of the model in the validation sets. The X-axis represents the threshold probability, and the Y-axis represents the net benefit. The “All” line represents intervening on everyone, the “None” line represents intervening on no one, and the “Nomogram” represents the overall net benefit of the predictive model across the entire range.