Fig. 1 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 1

From: Biomagnification and potential health effects of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in a terrestrial food web

Fig. 1

Expected trophic fate of PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances). The projected bioaccumulation and biomagnification pathways of PFAS in the studied trophic network at Frösön, northern Sweden. PFAS in soil are likely taken up by dwarf-shrubs including lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-ideae), blueberry (V. myrtillus), raspberry (Rubus idaeus), and mushrooms (here sweet tooth Hydnum repandum). Berries and mushrooms are important food for bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) and might also be eaten (either deliberately or accidentally) by ungulates including roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and moose (Alces alces). Bank voles are staple food for the predator Tengmalm’s owl (Aegolius funereus).

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