Table 23 Results of the three-bar truss issue used in EOBAVO.

From: An enhanced opposition-based African vulture optimizer for solving engineering design problems and global optimization

Algorithm

Optimal variables

Optimum cost

\({A}_{1}\)

\({A}_{2}\)

EOBAVO

1.189E−01

4.685E−01

8.048E+01

ROBAVO

5.186E−01

9.657E−01

2.433E+02

OBAVO

4.004E−01

3.625E−01

1.495E+02

AVO

6.076E−01

8.209E−01

2.539E+02

PSO

7.643E−01

1.024E−01

2.264E+02

SSA

8.807E−01

8.867E−01

3.378E+02

SCA

2.616E−01

1.584E−01

8.983E+01

WOA

5.567E−01

6.299E−01

2.204E+02

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