Table 8 Human capital and skills landscape.

From: Multidimensional assessment of sustainability and competitiveness in the ceramic tile and natural stone industries: a cross-country comparative study

Aspect

Natural stone industry

Ceramic tile industry

Workforce qualification

Mostly low-skilled; manual labor

Skilled technicians and engineers

Training systems

Rare; limited to on-the-job learning

Institutionalized; academic collaborations

Health & safety standards

Weak; high risk in quarries

Strong enforcement of safety norms

Innovation culture

Resistant to change

Proactive and research-driven

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