Fig. 5 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 5

From: Temporal metabolomic fingerprinting identifies adenine as a novel biomarker for early detection of Escherichia coli infection in broiler chickens

Fig. 5

Comprehensive chemometric and statistical profiling of metabolomic alterations post- E. coli challenge (24 h) in broiler chickens. (a) PLS-DA VIP scores for key discriminant metabolites in distinguishing between the E. coli-infected vs. control groups. (b) The OPLS-DA VIP scores further confirmed the findings of the PLS-DA, with adequate class discrimination. (c) SAM plot showing metabolites rated as significant by their differential abundance. (d) EBAM plot showing the significant metabolites and their posterior probabilities under E. coli infection. (e) Venn diagram: overlaps from metabolites identified by univariate, chemometric, and advanced significance analysis showing the consistency of findings.

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