Table 10 Fault detection performance comparison.

From: AI-Integrated autonomous robotics for solar panel cleaning and predictive maintenance using drone and ground-based systems

Model

Accuracy (%)

Precision

Recall

F1-score

CNN-LSTM (Proposed)

91.8

0.92

0.91

0.915

CNN Only

84.4

0.83

0.8

0.815

SVM (Baseline)

78

0.76

0.72

0.74

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