Fig. 6

A combined analysis for the force transfer at the membrane-crosslinker interface using the modulus density theory. (A) The \(1.944\times 1.944 \; \mathrm{{\mu m}^{2}}\) membrane was stimulated by using four different complexes of crosslinkers and membrane inclusions (\(\varphi = 2.6\times {10}^{-5}\sqrt{\text{N}}\), \(\varphi = 1.6\times {10}^{-5}\sqrt{\text{N}}\), \(\varphi = 0.6\times {10}^{-5}\sqrt{\text{N}}\), and \(\varphi = 0.2\times {10}^{-5}\sqrt{\text{N}}\)). Forces applied to the crosslinkers were plotted against the extension of the crosslinkers. The four responses vary significantly. (B) The forces on the crosslinkers in (A) were plotted against the displacement of the membrane. Here, the response of pulling the membrane without the center crosslinker was additionally plotted (black empty squares). The responses overlap with small variations. See Fig. S18 for the degrees of freedom.