Table 6 Summary of localized policy recommendations for selected areas in Al-Seeb region.

From: Integrated GIS-AHP based assessment of earthquake vulnerability and risk for urban residential buildings in Muscat, Sultanate of Oman

Area

Retrofitting focus

Infrastructure investment

Emergency planning priority

Al-Hail North

Strengthen old housing blocks; prioritize non-engineered structures

Develop road connectivity and storm drainage near coastal blocks

Community-based training and multi-hazard drills (UN-SDG 11.5)

Old Al-Khoud

Upgrade aging residential units; seismic retrofitting of heritage sites (UN-SDG 11.4)

Upgrade lifeline services (water, electricity)

School evacuation drills and civil defense coordination (UN-SDG 11.b)

Al-Mawaleh North

Moderate retrofitting of mixed construction types

Expand hospital access and strengthen feeder road networks

Map emergency routes and install early-warning systems (UN-SDG 11.5)

Al-Khoud

Reinforce public buildings and schools

Improve transport and utility corridors under rapid expansion

Public awareness programs and shelter zoning

Al-Maabilah

Target informal settlements for seismic resilience

Increase flood drainage and sanitation infrastructure in low-lying areas

Hazard signage and training for informal sectors

Al-Maabilah industrial area

Industrial warehouses and utility structures need seismic compliance upgrades

Enhance fire-fighting infrastructure and road access in industrial zones

Industrial safety audits and chemical spill preparedness (UN-SDG 11.6)

Al-Mawaleh South

Strengthen community buildings and clinics

Improve stormwater outlets and health infrastructure

Health emergency planning and vulnerable group outreach

Al-Hail South

Reinforce residential blocks with poor structural grading

Expand resilient utility grids and emergency water supply

Integrate neighborhood emergency maps and apps (UN-SDG 11.3)

Muscat Hills

Low priority; monitor for hillside slope stability

Maintain low-density development with smart infrastructure

Smart hazard monitoring with automated alerts (UN-SDG 11.3, 11.c)

Rusayl Industrial estate

Mandatory structural audits of industrial units and energy facilities

Modernize logistics corridors, fuel lines, and emergency exits

Industrial hazard simulations and first-responder drills (UN-SDG 11.b)