Table 1 Participants’ characteristics.

From: Goal-setting improves movement accuracy during unsupervised training in stroke patients

 

All

(n = 50)

Goal-setting group

(n = 25)

Control group

(n = 25)

Statistics

Sex, female/male

15/35

8/17

7/18

p = 1.000

Age

65.5(59, 71)

64 (57, 71.5)

66 (58, 71.5)

p = 0.763

Type of stroke, ischemic/hemorrhage

32/18

16/9

16/9

p = 1.000

Time since stroke (days)

67 (52, 91)

64 (52.5, 84.5)

70.0 (49.5, 92.5)

p=0.968

Side of motor paresis, left/right

27/23

14/11

13/12

p = 1.000

BRS

5 (5, 6)

5 (4.75, 6)

5 (5, 5.25)

p = 0.824

MMSE

29 (27, 30)

29 (28, 30)

28 (26.75, 30)

p = 0.176

GDS-S*

3 (1.5, 6)

3 (0, 5.25)

3.5 (2, 6)

p = 0.158

AS*

14(10, 17.5)

15 (10.25, 21.25)

13 (8.5, 17.5)

p = 0.464

RSES*

25 (23, 26)

25 (23.75, 26.25)

25 (23.5, 26)

p = 0.556

  1. Values are presented as median (interquartile range) or number of participants. BRS = Brunnstrom Recovery Stage (range 1–6, higher scores indicate better motor recovery); MMSE = Mini-Mental State Examination (range 0–30, higher scores indicate better cognitive function); GDS-S = Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form (range 0–15, higher scores indicate more depressive symptoms); AS = Apathy Scale (range 0–42, higher scores indicate more severe apathy); RSES = Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (range 10–40, higher scores indicate higher self-esteem).
  2. The asterisks indicate that one participant in the control group had missing data.
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