Table 1 D-H parameters of the excavator.

From: Obstacle-avoidance trajectory planning method for excavators in confined spaces based on improved RRT* algorithm

Joint

ai (mm)

di (mm)

αi (°)

θi (°)

0

300

450

90

−180 ~ 180

1

3720

0

0

−54.30 ~ 76.73

2

1615

0

0

−150.91~−32.87

3

1070

0

0

−141.95 ~ 28.31