Fig. 9 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 9

From: Salt rock creep deformation forecasting using deep neural networks and analytical models for subsurface energy storage applications

Fig. 9

The proposed N-BEATS model validation between forecasts against test data for (a) 5MPa, (b) 15MPa, (c) 25MPa, and (d) 35MPa, respectively, MSTL creep data of axial strain data, whereas the axial strain is in milli-strain and the time stamp is in hours. The best prediction performance was achieved using evaluation metrics such as RMSE, MAE, MAPE (%), and SMAPE (%).

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