Fig. 2

(a), (b) Visual results of the class distribution in the used dataset, with pre-processing (i.e., outlier removal and balancing) applied to Faisalabad, CVD, and heart failure from left to right.

(a), (b) Visual results of the class distribution in the used dataset, with pre-processing (i.e., outlier removal and balancing) applied to Faisalabad, CVD, and heart failure from left to right.