Fig. 2

TFRD treatment increased the number of osteoblasts and promoted osteogenic protein expression in callus. (A) Immunofluorescence images of OSX (purple), OPN (green) and DAPI (blue) in representative longitudinal thick sections across the MTD defect with and without TFRD treatment on PSD 8; scale bar = 200 μm, c = cortical bone. Quantitative analysis of the number of (B) OSX + cells and (C) the volume of OPN in the volume of interest (VOI) from A (n = 6). (D) Confocal and two-photon images of OCN (green) and SHG (gray) in MTD defects with and without TFRD treatment; scale bar = 200 μm. Quantitative analysis of (E) SHG volume and (F) OCN volume in the VOI from D (n = 6).