Fig. 3

Comparison of stimulation modes in the computational model. (a–c) Statistical comparisons of minimum thresholds (a), minimum saturations (b), and maximum selectivity indices (c) between three stimulation modes (blue for monopole, red for bipole, and green for tripole), with dEES on the left and vEES on the right. Data are reported as mean ± SD Data are reported as mean ± SD (one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction for bootstrapped samples, n = 10,000, *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001).