Table 5 Effect of irrigation system on soil chemical properties.

IS	Sn	Depth (cm)	ECe dSm^− 1	pH	CEC cmolc.kg^− 1	ESP (%)
FI	1	0–30	2.09^c	8.57	30.49^a	6.42^c
		30–60	0.87	8.58	29.71	4.49
		60–90	1.25	8.59	28.33	4.66
		90–120	1.30	8.59	27.70	4.72
	2	0–30	2.18^c	8.58	30.56^a	6.51^c
		30–60	0.91	8.59	29.69	4.54
		60–90	1.24	8.59	28.44	4.72
		90–120	1.29	8.60	27.71	4.84
	3	0–30	2.15^c	8.57	30.45^a	6.47^c
		30–60	0.92	8.59	29.62	4.53
		60–90	1.28	8.60	28.44	4.61
		90–120	1.36	8.60	27.71	4.75
FFDI	1	0–30	2.65^b	8.65	30.17^a	7.65^b
		30–60	0.94	8.65	29.95	4.64
		60–90	1.43	8.66	28.52	5.14
		90–120	1.49	8.67	27.81	5.36
	2	0–30	2.96^a	8.68	29.68^b	8.52^a
		30–60	1.01	8.66	30.05	4.85
		60–90	1.49	8.67	28.69	5.87
		90–120	1.54	8.68	27.87	6.05
	3	0–30	3.36^a	8.70	29.26^b	9.66^a
		30–60	1.07	8.67	30.25	5.01
		60–90	1.63	8.69	28.83	6.47
		90–120	1.68	8.69	27.92	6.80
FSDI	1	0–30	2.45^b	8.61	30.72^a	6.89^c
		30–60	0.88	8.59	29.37	4.55
		60–90	1.28	8.60	28.48	4.86
		90–120	1.39	8.61	27.85	5.01
	2	0–30	2.70^b	8.64	30.94^a	7.73^b
		30–60	0.93	8.61	29.04	4.66
		60–90	1.29	8.62	28.68	5.14
		90–120	1.41	8.63	27.91	5.32
	3	0–30	2.89^a	8.65	31.24^a	8.29^b
		30–60	0.95	8.61	28.67	4.70
		60–90	1.37	8.64	28.88	5.51
		90–120	1.54	8.65	27.98	5.79
L.S.D (0.05)			0.23	0.25	0.21	0.10

IS: Irrigation system; FI: flood irrigation; DFDI: Deficit surface drip irrigation; DSDI: Deficit sub-surface drip irrigation; FFDI: full surface drip irrigation; FSDI: full sub-surface drip irrigation; Sn: Season; ECe: Electrical conductivity; pH: Soil reaction; CEC: Cation exchangeable capacity; ESP: Exchangeable sodium percentage. Significant differences (based on LSD) appear only at the 0–30 cm depth for ECe, CEC, and ESP. At deeper depths (30–60, 60–90, 90–120 cm), differences do not exceed the LSD values, so no significant statistical groupings (letters) are provided.

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