Table 4 Descriptions and values of variables used in health risk assessment equations.
Variable | Description | Unit | Value (Adults) | Value (Children) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
C | Concentration | mg/kg | From ICP-MS test results | |
IRing | Ingestion rate | mg/d | 100 | 200 |
IRinh | Inhaling rate | m3/d | 20 | 7.65 |
EF | Exposure frequency | days/year | 350 | 350 |
ED | Exposure duration | year | 24 | 6 |
SA | Skin surface area | cm3 | 1530 | 860 |
AF | Adherence factor | mg/cm2/d | 0.07 | 0.2 |
ABS | Dermal absorption factor | - | 0.001 | 0.001 |
PEF | Particle emission factor | m3/kg | 1.36 × 109 | 1.36 × 109 |
BW | Average body weight | kg | 70 | 15 |
ATN-C | Average time for non-carcinogenic risk | day | ED×365 | ED×365 |
ATCa | Average time for carcinogenic risk | day | 70 × 365 | 70 × 365 |
CF | Units’ conversion factor | kg/mg | 1 × 10− 6 | 1 × 10− 6 |
RFDing | Specific reference dose for ingestion | mg/kg/day | As(3 × 10− 4), Cd(1 × 10− 3), Cr(3 × 10− 3), Cu(4 × 10− 2), Hg(6 × 10− 5), Mn(1.4 × 10− 1), Ni(2 × 10− 2), Pb(3.5 × 10− 3), Zn(3 × 10− 1) | |
RFDinh | Specific reference dose for dermal contact | mg/kg/day | As(3 × 10− 4), Cd(1 × 10− 3), Cr(2.86 × 10− 5), Cu(4.02 × 10− 2), Hg(8.6 × 10− 5), Mn(0.8 × 10− 1), Ni(2.06 × 10− 2), Pb(3.52 × 10− 3), Zn(3 × 10− 1) | |
RFDderm | Specific reference dose for inhalation | mg/m3 | As(3 × 10− 4), Cd(5 × 10− 5), Cr(6 × 10− 5), Cu(1.2 × 10− 2), Hg(6 × 10− 5), Mn(0.8 × 10− 1), Ni(5.4 × 10− 3), Pb(3.5 × 10− 4), Zn(6 × 10− 2) | |
SFing | Oral slope factor | (mg/kg/day)-1 | As(1.5), Cd(15), Cr(0.5), Ni(0.84), Pb(0.28) | |
SFinh | Absorbed dose slope factor | (mg/kg/day)-1 | As(15.1), Cd(15), Cr(0.5), Ni(0.84), Pb(0.28) | |
SFderm | Inhalation slope factor | (mg/m3)−1 | As(3.66), Cd(15), Cr(0.5), Ni(0.84), Pb(0.28) | |
