Table 2 Types of interactions observed between single attractants (Pheromone or BEN) and combined attractants (Pheromone + BEN) across early, middle, and late seasons (2024), as determined by ratios of interaction.

From: Season-dependent synergism between the male-attractive plant volatile benzaldehyde and the sex pheromone of the Oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta

Season

(2024)

Chemical

Ratio of interaction (ROI)a

Type of interaction

Early

Pheromone + BEN

0.87 ± 0.13

additive

Mid

Pheromone + BEN

1.55 ± 0.12 *

Synergistic

Late

Pheromone + BEN

0.85 ± 0.03

additive

  1. Pheromone = OFM L2 (G. molesta sex pheromone); BEN = Benzaldehyde.
  2. a Mean ± SE.
  3. * P < 0.05 for the null hypothesis that the ratio of interaction (ROI) = 1 (Hammack, 1996)51, according to a two-tailed t test (df = 4) .
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