Table 3 The lubricants’ physico-chemical characteristics.

From: Multi-objective optimization of surface roughness and MRR in AISI 316L stainless steel processed by MQL end milling using taguchi, RSM, ANN, and RFR methods

Properties

Percentage of Oxygen

Flash point

Density (g/cm3)

Viscosity (@40 °C) Pas

Neem Oil (NO)

0.2–0.5%

218 °C

0.875

0.0245–0.028

Pongam Oil (PO)

0.2–0.5%

218 °C

0.875

0.0245–0.028

Oil Water (OW)

20.5–21%

NA

0.900

0.027–0.0324

Mineral Oil (MO)

0.0826–0.087

 

0.870

135 °C

Simarouba Oil (SO)

1.2–1.5%

178 °C

0.914

0.0274–0.03107

Formulated Neem Oil (FNO)

0.05–0.1%

2350C

0.755

0.0256–0.031