Table 1 Percentage peak area (% ± SD) of volatile compounds formed during heating of stigmasterol (St) and stigmasterol esters (St-P and St-O) at 60 °C and 180 °C (8 h).

St

St-P

St-O

St

St-P

St-O

St

St-P

St-O

Hydrocarbons

2-Methylpentane

559

2 ± 0.1^b

1 ± 0.1^a

3-Methylpentane^*

579

2 ± 0.1

Heptane

700

6 ± 0.4^a

4 ± 0.3^a

3-Ethylheptane

871

5 ± 0.3

Nonane

900

31 ± 2.1

Decane

1000

1 ± 0.1^a

2 ± 0.2^a

2-Methyldecane

1061

4 ± 0.3

Undecane

1100

2 ± 0.1^a

100 ± 5.5^d

3 ± 0.2^b

20 ± 1.2^c

2 ± 0.1^a

Tetradecane

1400

28 ± 1.1^c

1 ± 0.2^b

1 ± 0.1^a

0 ± 0.1^a

Alcohols

2-Propanol

515

81 ± 4.3

3-Hexanol

779

7.±0.3^a

15 ± 0.1^b

2-Methyl-3-pentanol^#

789

4 ± 0.3^b

4 ± 0.2^b

2 ± 0.1^a

2-Hexanol

801

7 ± 0.3^a

14 ± 0.8^b

2,2-Diethyl-1,3-propanediol

1118

4 ± 0.3

Aldehydes

2-Butenal

651

1 ± 0.1

2-Pentenal^#

754

1 ± 0.1^a

12 ± 0.9^c

10 ± 0.8^c

6 ± 0.3^b

4-Methyl-3-pentenal^#

791

7 ± 0.5^c

4 ± 0.3^b

2 ± 0.2^a

Hexanal

800

2 ± 0.1

2-Ethyl-3-methyl-butanal^#

847

5 ± 0.3^b

7 ± 0.6^d

6 ± 0.5^c

2 ± 0.1^a

2-Methyl-2-hexenal

891

2 ± 0.2^a

2 ± 0.1^a

Heptanal

901

2 ± 0.1^a

4 ± 0.2^c

3 ± 0.1^a

3 ± 0.2^b

5 ± 0.3^c

3,3-Dimethylhexanal

915

5 ± 0.3

Octanal

1004

2 ± 0.1^a

6 ± 0.4^b

2-Ethylhexenal^#

1011

9 ± 0.7^c

3 ± 0.1^b

2 ± 0.1^a

Nonanal

1106

9 ± 0.3^d

9 ± 0.5^d

4 ± 0.2^b

1 ± 0.1^a

7 ± 0.4^c

Decanal

1207

2 ± 0.1^c

1 ± 0.1^b

0.±0.1^a

2-Decenal

1250

2 ± 0.1^a

1 ± 0.1^a

Ketones

Acetone

511

4 ± 0.3

2-Methyl-3-pentanone^#

765

42 ± 2.3^c

6 ± 2.1^a

7 ± 0.5^a

10 ± 0.8^b

7 ± 0.4^a

3-Hexanone

784

13 ± 0.8^c

13 ± 0.9^c

1 ± 0.1^b

0 ± 0.1^a

2-Hexanone

803

11 ± 0.8^b

11 ± 0.7^b

1 ± 0.1^a

2 ± 0.1^a

2 ± 0.1^a

2-Heptanone

889

1 ± 0.1^a

4 ± 0.2^b

Cyclohexanone

894

30 ± 1.2^b

25 ± 1.7^a

27 ± 1.9^a

2-Methylcyclohexanone

937

8 ± 0.6

2-Octanone

988

1 ± 0.1^a

2 ± 0.1^a

3.±0.2^b

3-Methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-one

1010

2 ± 0.2^a

3 ± 0.2^b

2 ± 0.1^a

2-Nonanone

1091

2 ± 0.1^a

1 ± 0.1^a

5-Ethyl-6-methyl-3-hepten-2-one^#

1143

3 ± 0.2^a

24 ± 1.8^c

13 ± 1.0^b

11 ± 0.8^b

Acids

Octanoic Acid

1212

2 ± 0.2^c

1 ± 0.1^b

1 ± 0.1^a

1 ± 0.1^b

Nonanoic acid

1267

1 ± 0.1^c

1 ± 0.1^b

0 ± 0.1^a

Others

11 ± 0.7^c

4 ± 0.2^b

2 ± 0.2^a

15 ± 1.1^d

20 ± 1.3^e

18 ± 1.2^e

28 ± 1.4^f