Table 2 Percentage peak area (% ± SD) of volatile compounds from unheated DStA and from heating DStA at 60 °C and 180 °C (8 h).

Heating temperatures

0 °C

60 °C

180 °C

0 °C

60 °C

180 °C

0 °C

60 °C

180 °C

0 °C

60 °C

180 °C

Hydrocarbons

Heptane*

700

3 ± 0.2

Octane

800

4 ± 0.3^a

7 ± 0.5^b

Nonane

900

3 ± 0.2^b

2 ± 0.4^a

2 ± 0.5^a

1-Decene

986

2 ± 0.4^b

1 ± 0.3^a

1 ± 0.1^a

4 ± 0.7^c

Decane

1000

53 ± 2.1^e

67 ± 4.5^g

5 ± 0.3^a

100 ± 0.3

32 ± 2.4^c

50 ± 3.7^e

58 ± 3.6^f

4 ± 0.2^a

42 ± 2.1^d

30 ± 1.8^c

10 ± 0.7^b

Undecane

1100

9 ± 0.5^c

11 ± 0.4^d

3 ± 0.1^a

8 ± 0.5^c

11 ± 0.8^d

3 ± 0.1^a

16 ± 0.9^e

11 ± 0.7^d

4 ± 0.3^b

3-Dodecene

1185

8 ± 0.6

1-Dodecene

1191

3 ± 0.2^b

1 ± 0.1^a

9 ± 0.6^c

Dodecane

1200

4 ± 0.2^c

5 ± 0.2^d

2 ± 0.1^a

6 ± 0.4^e

6 ± 0.3^e

6 ± 0.4^f

2 ± 0.1^a

7 ± 0.5^f

3 ± 0.1^b

Tridecane

1300

4 ± 0.3^b

4 ± 0.1^b

1 ± 0.1^a

12 ± 0.9^d

0 ± 0.1^a

7 ± 0.5^c

7 ± 0.4^c

1 ± 0.1^a

18 ± 1.1^f

15 ± 0.9^e

7 ± 0.5^c

1-Tetradecene

1391

1 ± 0.1^a

3 ± 0.1^b

3 ± 0.2^b

1 ± 0.1^a

3-Methyleicosane

2072

9 ± 0.6

Alcohols

3-Methyl-2-pentanol

762

16 ± 0.9

2-Methyl-3-pentanol^#

789

4 ± 0.3^c

2 ± 0.1^b

4 ± 0.3^c

0 ± 0.1^a

Aldehydes

2-Pentenal^#

754

11 ± 0.7^c

8 ± 0.6^a

11 ± 0.9^c

10 ± 0.8^b

4-Methyl-3-pentenal^#

791

5 ± 0.3^b

4 ± 0.3^a

5 ± 0.3^b

2-Ethyl-3-methyl-butanal^#

847

6 ± 0.5^b

8 ± 0.6^c

10 ± 0.6^d

6 ± 0.5^b

6 ± 0.2^a

2-Methyl-2-hexenal

891

2 ± 0.1^b

1 ± 0.1^a

1 ± 0.1^a

Heptanal

901

3 ± 0.1^a

7 ± 0.4^c

3 ± 0.1^a

4 ± 0.2^b

3,3-Dimethylhexanal

915

4 ± 0.2^a

4 ± 0.2^a

Octanal

1004

1 ± 0.1^a

9 ± 0.6^d

2 ± 0.2^a

6 ± 0.4^b

2-Ethylhexenal^#

1011

5 ± 0.3^c

2 ± 0.1^a

7 ± 0.5^d

4 ± 0.3^b

Nonanal

1106

9 ± 0.6^c

1 ± 0.1^a

7 ± 0.3^b

2-Decenal

1250

1 ± 0.1^a

2 ± 0.1^b

Ketones

Aceton

511

29 ± 1.8^c

25 ± 2.0^b

2 ± 0.1^a

2-Methyl-3-pentanone^#

765

11 ± 0.7^c

13 ± 0.9^d

9 ± 0.5^b

11 ± 0.7^c

6 ± 0.4^a

3-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butanone

779

13 ± 0.8^b

0.6 ± 0.1^a

2-Octanone

988

1 ± 0.2^a

1 ± 0.1^a

2 ± 0.4^b

2-Nonanone

1091

1 ± 0.1^a

1 ± 0.1^a

5-Ethyl-6-methyl-3-hepten-2-one^#

1143

12 ± 0.9^b

11 ± 0.6^b

16 ± 0.8^c

9 ± 0.6^a

Acids

Oleic acid

2115

10 ± 0.7

Others

2 ± 0.1^a

8 ± 0.5^d

19 ± 1.1^g

11 ± 0.9^f

3 ± 0.1^b

9 ± 0.5^e

19 ± 1.2^g

3 ± 0.8^b

9 ± 0.6^e

6 ± 0.4^c