Table 1 Baseline characteristics of people with confirmed diabetics in the control and intervention arms.
Intervention (n = 200) | Control (n = 218) | Total (n = 418) | |
|---|---|---|---|
Female | 112 (56·0%) | 120 (55·0%) | 232 (55·5%) |
Age (years), mean (SD) | 56·9 (32·5) | 55·8 (11·7) | 56·3 (24·0) |
Weight (kg), mean (SD) | 65·9 (15·3) | 64·8 (13·1) | 65·3 (14·2) |
BMI (kg/m²), mean (SD) | 27·2 (18·9) | 26·1 (4·7) | 26·6 (13·5) |
Underweight (< 18·5) | 8 (4·0%) | 13 (6·0%) | 21 (5·0%) |
Normal (18·5–22·9) | 46 (23·0%) | 36 (16·5%) | 82 (19·6%) |
Overweight (23·0–24·9) | 35 (17·5%) | 36 (16·5%) | 71 (17·0%) |
Obese (> 25) | 111 (55·5%) | 133 (61·0%) | 244 (58·4%) |
Tobacco Use | |||
Current smoker | 23 (11·5%) | 46 (21·1%) | 69 (16·5%) |
Past smoker a | 2 (1·0%) | 3 (1·4%) | 5 (1·2%) |
Chewing (current) | 5 (2·5%) | 6 (2·8%) | 11 (2·6%) |
Past chewing b | 1 (0·5%) | 0 (0·0%) | 1 (0·2%) |
Medical History | |||
Diabetes | 105 (52·5%) | 127 (58·3%) | 232 (55·5%) |
Angina/heart attack | 10 (5·0%) | 25 (11·5%) | 35 (8·4%) |
Stroke | 4 (2·0%) | 7 (3·2%) | 11 (2·6%) |
Hypertension | 58 (29·0%) | 71 (32·6%) | 129 (30·9%) |
Peripheral vascular disease | 0 (0·0%) | 2 (0·9%) | 2 (0·5%) |
Family History c | |||
Diabetes | 72 (36·0%) | 60 (27·5%) | 132 (31·6%) |
Angina/heart attack | 26 (13·0%) | 30 (13·8%) | 56 (13·4%) |
Stroke | 20 (10·0%) | 24 (11·0%) | 44 (10·5%) |
Medication History d | |||
Anti-hypertensive | 56 (28·0%) | 67 (30·7%) | 123 (29·4%) |
Anti-platelet | 4 (2·0%) | 12 (5·5%) | 16 (3·8%) |
Lipid-lowering | 3 (1·5%) | 3 (1·4%) | 6 (1·4%) |
Blood glucose-lowering | 85 (42·5%) | 103 (47·2%) | 188 (45·0%) |
Currently Hypertensive | 106 (53·0%) | 122 (56·0%) | 228 (54·5%) |
Blood Pressure (mmHg) | |||
Systolic (SBP), mean (SD) | 130·7 (23·9) | 127·7 (20·9) | 129·2 (22·4) |
Diastolic (DBP), mean (SD) | 82·3 (12·5) | 82·1 (11·0) | 82·2 (11·8) |
HbA1c (%), mean (SD) | 8·5 (1·8) | 8·4 (1·8) | 8·4 (1·8) |
