Table 7 Measurement model.

From: Optimizing emergency shutdown system inspection, testing, and maintenance through the tool design and validation

Factor

Item

Outer loadings

Construct reliability and validity

Cronbach’s alpha

Composite reliability (rho_a)

Composite reliability (rho_c)

Average variance extracted (AVE)

ITM

I1

0.935

0.924

0.926

0.943

0.770

I2

0.861

I3

0.920

I4

0.868

I5

0.797

Plan

P1

0.938

0.964

0.965

0.972

0.873

P2

0.933

P3

0.949

P4

0.928

P5

0.923

Supervision and support

SS1

0.967

0.981

0.981

0.985

0.928

SS2

0.969

SS3

0.966

SS4

0.957

SS5

0.958

Safety

Sa1

0.893

0.939

0.945

0.953

0.804

Sa2

0.908

Sa3

0.908

Sa4

0.901

Sa5

0.872

Technologies and artificial intelligence

Tech1

0.866

0.947

0.953

0.962

0.864

Tech2

0.952

Tech3

0.962

Tech4

0.935

Training

Tr1

0.908

0.881

0.883

0.920

0.742

Tr2

0.904

Tr3

0.885

Tr4

0.737

Communication

Com1

0.957

0.956

0.961

0.969

0.885

Com2

0.966

Com3

0.964

Com4

0.874

Documentation

Doc1

0.951

0.880

0.960

0.909

0.717

Doc2

0.922

Doc3

0.711

Doc4

0.781