Table 3 Post hoc Dunn test results for pairwise comparisons of ancestry groups (Africa, America, Europe) across anthropometric indices, stratified by sex. The table reports Z-scores, unadjusted p-values (P.unadj), and Bonferroni-adjusted p-values (P.adj). All indices show statistically significant differences between most ancestry pairs, with the most pronounced differences observed in comparisons involving the American group.

From: Genetic ancestry influences body shape and obesity risk in Latin American populations

Index

Score

Africa-America

Africa-Europe

America-Europe

BMI (Females)

Z

-4.08

-1.83

7.45

P.unadj

0.00005

0.06776

0.00000

P.adj

0.00014

0.20329

0.00000

BMI (Males)

Z

-3.22

-2.49

3.20

P.unadj

0.00128

0.01280

0.00136

P.adj

0.00383

0.03839

0.00409

WHR (Females)

Z

-7.81

-2.50

17.53

P.unadj

0.00000

0.01231

0.00000

P.adj

0.00000

0.03692

0.00000

WHR (Males)

Z

-6.81

-5.26

6.79

P.unadj

0.00000

0.00000

0.00000

P.adj

0.00000

0.00000

0.00000

WHtR (Females)

Z

-7.74

-2.92

15.94

P.unadj

0.00000

0.00352

0.00000

P.adj

0.00000

0.01057

0.00000

WHtR (Males)

Z

-5.87

-4.43

6.28

P.unadj

0.00000

0.00001

0.00000

P.adj

0.00000

0.00003

0.00000