Table 7 Performance of different classifiers based on the selected features by various bio-inspired algorithms on complete dataset of 1000 samples of superpixels.

From: Precise and Quantitative Chlorosis Severity Assessment Framework (PQCSAF) using evolutionary superpixels

Method

Classifier

Type

Acc.

Err.

Sensit.

Specif.

Prec.

FPR

F1-Sc.

MCC

PCA

DT

Type-1

81.20

18.80

0.8120

0.9547

0.8565

0.0450

0.8337

0.7807

 

Type-2

68.40

31.60

0.6840

0.8573

0.6151

0.1430

0.6477

0.5232

 

Type-3

77.60

22.40

0.7760

0.9347

0.7984

0.0650

0.7870

0.7175

 

Type-4

75.20

24.80

0.7520

0.9280

0.7769

0.0720

0.7642

0.6875

 

Average

75.60

24.40

0.7560

0.9187

0.7617

0.0810

0.7582

0.6772

KNN

Type-1

97.60

2.40

0.9760

0.9587

0.8873

0.0410

0.9295

0.9064

 

Type-2

88.80

11.20

0.8880

0.9280

0.8043

0.0720

0.8441

0.7904

 

Type-3

86.00

14.00

0.8600

0.9773

0.9267

0.0230

0.8921

0.8590

 

Type-4

83.20

16.80

0.8320

0.9880

0.9585

0.0120

0.8908

0.8614

 

Average

88.90

11.10

0.8890

0.9630

0.8942

0.0370

0.8891

0.8543

SVM

Type-1

99.20

0.80

0.9920

0.9853

0.9575

0.0150

0.9745

0.9660

 

Type-2

91.20

8.80

0.9120

0.9547

0.8702

0.0450

0.8906

0.8534

 

Type-3

91.60

8.40

0.9160

0.9800

0.9385

0.0200

0.9271

0.9033

 

Type-4

90.40

9.60

0.9040

0.9880

0.9617

0.0120

0.9320

0.9110

 

Average

93.10

6.90

0.9310

0.9770

0.9320

0.0230

0.9310

0.9084

MLP

Type-1

97.20

2.80

0.9720

0.9947

0.9838

0.0050

0.9779

0.9706

 

Type-2

94.00

6.00

0.9400

0.9480

0.8577

0.0520

0.8969

0.8621

 

Type-3

94.00

6.00

0.9400

0.9893

0.9671

0.0110

0.9533

0.9383

 

Type-4

90.80

9.20

0.9080

0.9880

0.9619

0.0120

0.9342

0.9137

 

Average

94.00

6.00

0.9400

0.9800

0.9426

0.0200

0.9406

0.9212

GA

DT

Type-1

89.60

10.40

0.8960

0.9653

0.8960

0.0350

0.8960

0.8613

 

Type-2

84.00

16.00

0.8400

0.9467

0.8400

0.0530

0.8400

0.7867

 

Type-3

84.80

15.20

0.8480

0.9520

0.8548

0.0480

0.8514

0.8022

 

Type-4

90.80

9.20

0.9080

0.9667

0.9008

0.0330

0.9044

0.8724

 

Average

87.30

12.70

0.8730

0.9577

0.8729

0.0420

0.8729

0.8306

KNN

Type-1

98.80

1.20

0.9880

0.9680

0.9114

0.0320

0.9482

0.9313

 

Type-2

79.20

20.80

0.7920

0.9773

0.9209

0.0230

0.8516

0.8109

 

Type-3

90.80

9.20

0.9080

0.9813

0.9419

0.0190

0.9246

0.9004

 

Type-4

96.40

3.60

0.9640

0.9573

0.8828

0.0430

0.9216

0.8955

 

Average

91.30

8.70

0.9130

0.9710

0.9143

0.0290

0.9115

0.8845

SVM

Type-1

97.60

2.40

0.9760

0.9867

0.9606

0.013

0.9683

0.9576

 

Type-2

91.60

8.40

0.9160

0.9773

0.9309

0.0230

0.9234

0.8982

 

Type-3

94.00

6.00

0.9400

0.9773

0.9325

0.0230

0.9363

0.9149

 

Type-4

95.60

4.40

0.9560

0.9880

0.9637

0.0120

0.9598

0.9465

 

Average

94.70

5.30

0.9470

0.9823

0.9469

0.0180

0.9469

0.9293

MLP

Type-1

98.40

1.60

0.9840

0.9799

0.9425

0.0200

0.9628

0.9504

 

Type-2

94.00

6.00

0.9400

0.9772

0.9325

0.0230

0.9363

0.9148

 

Type-3

91.60

8.40

0.9160

0.9893

0.9662

0.0110

0.9405

0.9218

 

Type-4

96.36

3.64

0.9636

0.9880

0.9636

0.0120

0.9636

0.9516

 

Average

95.09

4.91

0.9509

0.9836

0.9512

0.0160

0.9508

0.9346

PSO

DT

Type-1

88.00

12.00

0.8800

0.9680

0.9016

0.0320

0.8907

0.8549

 

Type-2

82.00

18.00

0.8200

0.9320

0.8008

0.0680

0.8103

0.7461

 

Type-3

85.20

14.80

0.8520

0.9480

0.8452

0.0520

0.8486

0.7979

 

Type-4

89.20

10.80

0.8920

0.9667

0.8992

0.0330

0.8956

0.8610

 

Average

86.10

13.90

0.8610

0.9537

0.8617

0.0460

0.8613

0.8150

KNN

Type-1

98.40

1.60

0.9840

0.9587

0.8881

0.0410

0.9336

0.9121

 

Type-2

76.40

23.60

0.7640

0.9760

0.9139

0.0240

0.8322

0.7881

 

Type-3

89.60

10.40

0.8960

0.9813

0.9412

0.0190

0.9180

0.8921

 

Type-4

96.00

4.00

0.9600

0.9520

0.8696

0.0480

0.9125

0.8834

 

Average

90.10

9.90

0.9010

0.9670

0.9032

0.0330

0.8991

0.8689

SVM

Type-1

97.60

2.40

0.9760

0.9840

0.9531

0.0160

0.9644

0.9525

 

Type-2

91.60

8.40

0.9160

0.9773

0.9309

0.0230

0.9234

0.8982

 

Type-3

92.00

8.00

0.9200

0.9773

0.9312

0.0230

0.9256

0.9010

 

Type-4

96.40

3.60

0.9640

0.9867

0.9602

0.0130

0.9621

0.9494

 

Average

94.40

5.60

0.9440

0.9813

0.9438

0.0190

0.9439

0.9253

MLP

Type-1

98.00

2.00

0.9800

0.9827

0.9496

0.0170

0.9646

0.9527

 

Type-2

93.60

6.40

0.9360

0.9800

0.9398

0.0200

0.9379

0.9172

 

Type-3

92.40

7.60

0.9240

0.9840

0.9506

0.0160

0.9371

0.9167

 

Type-4

96.00

4.00

0.9600

0.9867

0.9600

0.0130

0.9600

0.9467

 

Average

95.20

4.80

0.9520

0.9840

0.9520

0.0160

0.9519

0.9360

ACO

DT

Type-1

90.80

9.20

0.9080

0.9720

0.9153

0.0280

0.9116

0.8824

 

Type-2

86.40

13.60

0.8640

0.9400

0.8276

0.0600

0.8454

0.7927

 

Type-3

84.40

15.60

0.8440

0.9533

0.8577

0.0470

0.8508

0.8017

 

Type-4

89.60

10.40

0.8960

0.9720

0.9143

0.028

0.9051

0.8739

 

Average

87.80

12.20

0.8780

0.9593

0.8787

0.0410

0.8782

0.8377

KNN

Type-1

98.80

1.20

0.9880

0.9640

0.9015

0.036

0.9427

0.9243

 

Type-2

80.80

19.20

0.8080

0.9747

0.9140

0.0250

0.8577

0.8168

 

Type-3

88.80

11.20

0.8880

0.9800

0.9367

0.0200

0.9117

0.8839

 

Type-4

96.00

4.00

0.9600

0.9627

0.8955

0.0370

0.9266

0.9020

 

Average

91.10

8.90

0.9110

0.9703

0.9119

0.0300

0.9097

0.8817

SVM

Type-1

98.40

1.60

0.9840

0.9840

0.9535

0.0160

0.9685

0.9580

 

Type-2

91.60

8.40

0.9160

0.9773

0.9309

0.023

0.9234

0.8982

 

Type-3

92.00

8.00

0.9200

0.9760

0.9274

0.0240

0.9237

0.8984

 

Type-4

96.00

4.00

0.9600

0.9893

0.9677

0.0110

0.9639

0.9519

 

Average

94.50

5.50

0.9450

0.9817

0.9449

0.0180

0.9449

0.9266

MLP

Type-1

98.40

1.60

0.9840

0.9760

0.9318

0.0240

0.9572

0.943

 

Type-2

90.00

10.00

0.9000

0.976

0.9259

0.024

0.9128

0.8844

 

Type-3

90.40

9.60

0.9040

0.9773

0.9300

0.0230

0.9168

0.8898

 

Type-4

96.00

4.00

0.9600

0.9867

0.9600

0.0130

0.9600

0.9467

 

Average

93.70

6.30

0.9370

0.9790

0.9369

0.0210

0.9367

0.9160

CS

DT

Type-1

89.60

10.40

0.8960

0.9573

0.8750

0.0430

0.8854

0.8467

 

Type-2

82.80

17.20

0.8280

0.9453

0.8347

0.0550

0.8313

0.7754

 

Type-3

86.80

13.20

0.8680

0.9493

0.8510

0.0510

0.8594

0.8120

 

Type-4

88.40

11.60

0.8840

0.9733

0.9170

0.0270

0.9002

0.8680

 

Average

86.90

13.10

0.8690

0.9563

0.8694

0.0440

0.8691

0.8255

KNN

Type-1

98.40

1.60

0.9840

0.9627

0.8978

0.0370

0.9389

0.9191

 

Type-2

76.00

24.00

0.7600

0.9707

0.8962

0.0290

0.8225

0.7741

 

Type-3

88.40

11.60

0.8840

0.9760

0.9247

0.0240

0.9039

0.8732

 

Type-4

94.80

5.20

0.9480

0.9493

0.8618

0.0510

0.9029

0.8702

 

Average

89.40

10.60

0.8940

0.9647

0.8951

0.0350

0.8920

0.8591

SVM

Type-1

97.60

2.40

0.9760

0.9813

0.9457

0.0190

0.9606

0.9474

 

Type-2

92.00

8.00

0.9200

0.9760

0.9274

0.0240

0.9237

0.8984

 

Type-3

90.80

9.20

0.9080

0.9760

0.9265

0.0240

0.9172

0.8900

 

Type-4

96.00

4.00

0.9600

0.9880

0.9639

0.0120

0.9619

0.9493

 

Average

94.10

5.90

0.9410

0.9803

0.9409

0.0200

0.9409

0.9213

MLP

Type-1

98.80

1.20

0.988

0.9867

0.9611

0.0130

0.9744

0.9658

 

Type-2

92.80

7.20

0.9280

0.9840

0.9508

0.0160

0.9393

0.9195

 

Type-3

93.60

6.40

0.9360

0.9813

0.9435

0.0190

0.9398

0.9198

 

Type-4

97.20

2.80

0.9720

0.9893

0.9681

0.0110

0.9701

0.9601

 

Average

95.60

4.40

0.9560

0.9853

0.9559

0.0150

0.9559

0.9413

MSCS

DT

Type-1

88.80

11.20

0.8880

0.9587

0.8775

0.0413

0.8827

0.8433

 

Type-2

78.40

21.60

0.7840

0.9493

0.8376

0.0507

0.8099

0.7500

 

Type-3

86.40

13.60

0.8640

0.9333

0.8120

0.0667

0.8372

0.7814

 

Type-4

88.80

11.20

0.8880

0.9667

0.8989

0.0333

0.8934

0.8581

 

Average

85.60

14.40

0.8560

0.9520

0.8565

0.0480

0.8558

0.8082

KNN

Type-1

98.40

1.60

0.9840

0.9760

0.9318

0.0240

0.9572

0.9430

 

Type-2

81.20

18.80

0.8120

0.9533

0.8529

0.0467

0.8320

0.7782

 

Type-3

90.80

9.20

0.9080

0.9747

0.9228

0.0253

0.9153

0.8875

 

Type-4

89.60

10.40

0.8960

0.9627

0.8889

0.0373

0.8924

0.8564

 

Average

90.00

10.00

0.9000

0.9667

0.8991

0.0333

0.8992

0.8663

SVM

Type-1

98.00

2.00

0.9800

0.9907

0.9722

0.0093

0.9761

0.9681

 

Type-2

92.00

8.00

0.9200

0.9760

0.9274

0.0240

0.9237

0.8984

 

Type-3

93.60

6.40

0.9360

0.9800

0.9398

0.0200

0.9379

0.9172

 

Type-4

96.40

3.60

0.9640

0.9867

0.9602

0.0133

0.9621

0.9494

 

Average

95.00

5.00

0.9500

0.9833

0.9499

0.0167

0.9499

0.9333

MLP

Type-1

98.80

1.20

0.9880

0.9987

0.9960

0.0013

0.9920

0.9893

 

Type-2

94.80

5.20

0.9480

0.9920

0.9753

0.0080

0.9615

0.9490

 

Type-3

99.20

0.80

0.9920

0.9853

0.9575

0.0147

0.9745

0.9660

 

Type-4

97.60

2.40

0.9760

0.9920

0.9760

0.0080

0.9760

0.9680

 

Average

97.60

2.40

0.9760

0.9920

0.9762

0.0080

0.9760

0.9681