Fig. 5

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte analysis. TILs were isolated and stimulated with OVA followed by immunostaining and flow cytometry analysis. Gating strategies were shown in Fig.S3. (A). Representative dot plots about percentages of tumor-infiltrating CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells. (B). Percentages of tumor-infiltrating CD8⁺ cells in CD3⁺ T cells. (C). Percentages of tumor-infiltrating CD4⁺ cells in CD3⁺ T cells. D. Ratio of CD8⁺ to CD4⁺ TILs. One-way ANOVA with Fisher’s LSD test was used to compare differences between groups. n = 4–5. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001. Note: One mouse each in empty LNP and OVA mRNA groups gave rise to very few TILs and were excluded from the analysis.