Fig. 1
From: Revealing neural resonance in neuronal ensembles through frequency response tests
Frequency responses of Δ[CBF] in cortex. (a) The setup for laser speckle contrast imaging used to analyze the dynamics of cerebral blood flow in the mouse cortex. (b) A schematic representation of the frequency response test, which involves incrementally altering the frequency of the external stimulation (tNIR) and continuously monitoring the neural response to pinpoint the frequency at which the response is markedly enhanced. (c) Pseudo-colored maps of CBF obtained through laser speckle contrast imaging under various pulsed tNIR frequencies. The white scale bar represents 0.65 mm, and the color bar indicates intensity levels. (d) Comparison of pre-tNIR Δ[CBF] and dur-tNIR Δ[CBF] at different tNIR frequencies (****p < 0.0001, two-sided paired t-test), a.u. arbitrary units. (e) Left, The frequency-response curvy for the net change in Δ[CBF]. A one-way repeated measures ANOVA was conducted on data from 30 observations per group from 10 mice to examine the impact of 20 different tNIR frequencies on Δ[CBF], revealing statistically significant differences (F(19, 171) = 32.7156, P = 5.13 × 10− 47, mean ± s.e.m), a.u. arbitrary units. Right, tukey’s honestly significant difference test was used to identify precisely which group means differed. Significance peaks among the groups are highlighted with red dots. Dots and error bars represent the means and 95% confidence intervals, respectively. a.u. arbitrary units.
