Fig. 13

(A, B) Influence of age and lactate level on ECMO prediction in the combined model. (A) and (B) depict the ECMO prediction in the Combined as a function of age and lactate level, assuming that the CT feature “normal ventilation” = 0.492 and that the fixed values for CRP (196.0) and Pmean (14.4) correspond to the mean values for all patients within this study. (A) Three-dimensional surface plot showing the joint effect of age and lactate concentration on ECMO prediction. Younger age and higher lactate levels are associated with a greater likelihood of ECMO prediction in the Combined Model. (B) Two-dimensional plot illustrating ECMO prediction by age, stratified by lactate level (1.0–5.0 mmol/L). ECMO prediction decreases with increasing age across all lactate strata, with higher lactate levels consistently increasing the predicted probability.