Table 2 Insulin sensitivity/resistance, insulin secretion, and cardiometabolic risk factors in students with normal glucose tolerance and elevated 1 h plasma glucose.
Elevated 1 h plasma glucose | p values | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No | Yes | ||||||
n = 155 | n = 10 | ||||||
Age (years) | 20.4 | ± | 1.0 | 20.5 | ± | 0.8 | 0.699 |
Birth weight (g) | 3208 | ± | 376 | 3032 | ± | 152 | 0.010 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 20.9 | ± | 2.3 | 20.9 | ± | 2.4 | 0.963 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 73.3 | ± | 5.6 | 72.1 | ± | 5.6 | 0.523 |
Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 83 | ± | 6 | 86 | ± | 10 | 0.407 |
30 min glucose (mg/dL) | 120 | ± | 23 | 153 | ± | 32 | < 0.001 |
1 h glucose (mg/dL) | 97 | ± | 24 | 171 | ± | 20 | < 0.001 |
2 h glucose (mg/dL) | 89 | ± | 17 | 109 | ± | 20 | < 0.001 |
Fasting insulin (μU/mL) | 5.8 | ± | 3.0 | 5.5 | ± | 4.5 | 0.747 |
30 min insulin (μU/mL) | 55 | ± | 32 | 40 | ± | 25 | 0.159 |
1 h insulin (μU/mL) | 41 | ± | 23 | 65 | ± | 37 | 0.077 |
2 h insulin (μU/mL) | 35 | ± | 22 | 55 | ± | 34 | 0.097 |
HbA1c (%) | 5.2 | ± | 0.2 | 5.3 | ± | 0.3 | 0.722 |
HOMA-IR | 1.2 | ± | 0.7 | 1.2 | ± | 1.1 | 0.995 |
Insulinogenic index (IGI) | 4.8 | ± | 13.4 | 0.5 | ± | 0.3 | 0.324 |
Oral Disposition index (ODI) | 44.5 | ± | 131 | 3.5 | ± | 1.3 | 0.325 |
Matsuda index | 9.0 | ± | 4.0 | 8.0 | ± | 4.2 | 0.425 |
AT-IR | 2.8 | ± | 1.9 | 4.1 | ± | 4.5 | 0.366 |
log IGI | 0.18 | ± | 0.53 | − 0.33 | ± | 0.25 | 0.003 |
log ODI | 1.10 | ± | 0.54 | 0.51 | ± | 0.20 | 0.001 |
log AT-IR | 0.37 | ± | 0.26 | 0.45 | ± | 0.37 | 0.339 |
Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 55 | ± | 20 | 55 | ± | 22 | 0.950 |
Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 186 | ± | 30 | 178 | ± | 26 | 0.440 |
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 74 | ± | 12 | 73 | ± | 13 | 0.747 |
LPL (ng/mL) | 77 | ± | 19 | 57 | ± | 16 | 0.002 |
Leptin (ng/mL) | 7.6 | ± | 3.7 | 7.1 | ± | 3.8 | 0.720 |
Adiponectin (µg/mL) | 12.6 | ± | 4.6 | 9.0 | ± | 3.2 | 0.013 |
Systolic BP (mmHg) | 110 | ± | 12 | 108 | ± | 13 | 0.725 |
Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 66 | ± | 7 | 68 | ± | 8 | 0.335 |
