Fig. 10

Indicates that the proposed method reduced packet delivery delay by about 14.17 ms compared to the baseline (; paired t-test p = 0.010, Wilcoxon p = 0.019), while still maintaining high energy efficiency and robust security measures.

Indicates that the proposed method reduced packet delivery delay by about 14.17 ms compared to the baseline (; paired t-test p = 0.010, Wilcoxon p = 0.019), while still maintaining high energy efficiency and robust security measures.