Table 7 Ablation study on loss function components and associated weights on the Flare7K++ real test dataset. Best results are in bold.

From: SMFR-Net: simple multi-domain flare removal network

Loss Components

Weights (\(\lambda _1, \lambda _2, \lambda _3\))

PSNR\(\uparrow\)

SSIM\(\uparrow\)

LPIPS\(\downarrow\)

G-PSNR\(\uparrow\)

S-PSNR\(\uparrow\)

\(L_\textrm{pixel}\)

(1.0, –, –)

28.178

0.904

0.0430

24.753

23.016

\(L_\textrm{pixel} + L_\textrm{percep}\)

(0.5, 0.5, –)

28.207

0.904

0.0401

24.670

23.296

\(L_\textrm{pixel} + L_\textrm{percep} + L_\mathrm {MS-SSIM}\)

(0.5, 0.5, 0.5)

28.105

0.894

0.0420

24.630

23.614

\(L_\textrm{pixel} + L_\textrm{percep} + L_\mathrm {MS-SSIM}\) (ours)

(0.5, 0.5, 0.2)

28.352

0.907

0.0380

24.841

23.941