Table 7 Individual differences measures.
Tests | Administration | Measures | ω/α |
|---|---|---|---|
Anxiety and social cognition | |||
Uncertainty scale-short form (IUS-SF)58 | Score from1 [Not At All Characteristic of Me] to 5 [Entirely Characteristic of Me] for uncertainty (12 items) | Intolerance of uncertainty | ω (ML) = 0.906 ω (HA) = 0.905 α = 0.905 |
Brief fear of negative evaluation scale—straightforward (BNFE-S)59,60 | Score from 1 [Not At All Characteristic of Me] to 5 [Entirely Characteristic of Me] for negative evaluation (8 items) | Fear of negative evaluation | ω (ML) = 0.949 ω (HA) = 0.949 α = 0.949 |
Score from 0 [Not At All] to 3 [Very Much So] for social anxiety (12 items) and performance anxiety (12 items). Participants indicate how anxious they would feel in each situation | Social Anxiety and performance anxiety | ω (ML) = 0.933 ω (HA) = 0.932 α = 0.932 | |
Anxiety and performance | |||
Creativity anxiety scale51 | Score from 0 [Not at all] to 4 [Very Much So] for creativity anxiety (8 items). Participants are asked to indicate how anxious they would feel in each situation | (Non-) creativity anxiety | ω (ML) = 0.914 ω (HA) = 0.904 α = 0.914 |
State-trait inventory for cognitive and somatic anxiety (STICSA)69 | Score from 1 [None] to 4 [Very Much So] for cognitive (10 items) and somatic (11 items) symptoms. Participants are asked to indicate which item is true | Cognitive and somatic anxiety | ω (ML) = 0.930 ω (HA) = 0.929 α = 0.930 |
Test anxiety (R-TAS)70 | Score from 1 [Almost Never] to 4 [Almost Always] for worry (6 items), tension (5 items), test-irrelevant thinking (4 items) and bodily symptoms (5 items). Participants rate each item in terms of how they feel when taking tests in general | Test anxiety | ω (ML) = 0.945 ω (HA) = 0.944 α = 0.945 |
Cognitive abilities and motivation | |||
Responses receive a score of 1 (Correct) or 0 (Incorrect) for analytic thinking (3 items), and a score of 1 (typical intuitive response) or 0 (any other response) for intuitive thinking | Analytic thinking | ω (ML) = 0.682 ω (HA) = 0.682 α = 0.678 | |
Responses receive a score of 1 (Correct) or 0 (Incorrect) for analytic thinking (3 items), and a score of 1 (typical intuitive response) or 0 (any other response) for intuitive thinking | Intuitive thinking | ω (ML) = 0.678 ω (HA) = 0.641 α = 0.637 | |
Attitude towards mathematics survey persistence subscale (ATMS)71 | Score from 1 [Strongly Disagree] to 5 [Strongly Agree] for academic persistence (8 items) | Academic persistence | ω (ML) = 0.747 ω (HA) = 0.737 α = 0.742 |
New general self-efficacy scale (NGSE)72 | Score from 1 [Strongly Disagree] to 5 [Strongly Agree] for self-efficacy (8 items) | Self-efficacy | ω (ML) = 0.894 ω (HA) = 0.894 α = 0.894 |
Statistics and mathematics anxiety | |||
The three anxiety subscales were used: test and class anxiety (8 items), interpretation anxiety (11 items), and fear of asking for help (4 items). Participants are asked to indicate how much anxiety they feel in those situations ranging from 1 [No Anxiety] to 5 [Very Much Anxiety] | Statistic anxiety | STARS ω (ML) = 0.951 ω (HA) = 0.950 α = 0.951 STARS-M ω (ML) = 0.943 ω (HA) = 0.941 α = 0.943 | |
Revised maths anxiety rating scale (R-MARS)74 | Three subscales which measure mathematics test anxiety (15 items), numerical task anxiety (5 items), and mathematics course anxiety (5 items). Participants are asked to indicate how much anxiety they feel in those situations ranging from 1 [No Anxiety] to 5 [Very Much Anxiety] | Maths anxiety | ω (ML) = 0.955 ω (HA) = 0.952 α = 0.954 |
