Fig. 2

Design diagram by patient event time. HT hypertension, DM diabetes mellitus, CAM chorioamnionitis. Explanation of time windows: Day 0 represents the estimated day of conception. Numbers indicate days relative to conception (negative numbers = before conception, positive numbers = after conception). Brackets indicate assessment windows for each variable. ^a We defined the day of conception as day 0, as identified using the hospitalization date and gestational age at the time of hospitalization. ^b Estimated delivery date was identified using delivery-related medications, surgical procedures, and diagnoses based on the algorithm developed by Ishikawa et al. ¹⁹. ^c The start day of the assessment window for exposures and covariates: HT and DM were changed to day 365 in the sensitivity analysis for women with IgAN who had been registered with the MDV database for > 1 year at the time of conception.