Table 9 Spatial model selection results.

From: The impact of informal environmental regulation on total-factor carbon emission performance

Test

Wng

Test

Wng

Moran’ I

0.151***

LR-lag

59.020***

LM-lag

0.707

LR-sem

52.040***

LM-sem

5.899**

Wald-lag

62.920***

Robust-LM-lag

5.054**

Wald-sem

55.800***

Robust-LM-sem

10.246***

LR-ind

55.650***

Hausman

33.540***

LR-time

570.160***

  1. Note: *, **, and *** indicate significance at the 10%, 5%, and 1% levels, respectively.
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