Table 3 Anthropometric parameters before and after intervention.

Variable	Placebo (n = 28)				Nano-curcumin (n = 27)				P value^¥	P value*	P value**
Variable	Baseline	After 16 weeks	Change	P value^†	Baseline	After 16 weeks	Change	P value^†	P value^¥	P value*	P value**
Weight (kg)	90.51 ± 20.09	86.03 ± 19.33	− 3.03 ± 4.62	0.002	88.33 ± 20.37	85.83 ± 19.00	− 2.49 ± 3.76	0.002	0.69	0.645	0.609
Body mass index (kg/m²)	33.30 ± 6.13	31.50 ± 5.50	− 1.15 ± 1.66	0.001	30.60 ± 4.96	29.52 ± 4.57	− 0.80 ± 1.26	0.004	0.07	0.553	0.554
Waist circumference (cm)	114.16 ± 13.14	110.64 ± 13.17	− 3.51 ± 3.59	≤ 0.001	109.24 ± 13.29	105.61 ± 13.37	− 3.62 ± 3.83	≤ 0.001	0.17	0.861	0.869
Lean body mass (g)	56.82 ± 12.51	55.77 ± 12.27	− 0.75 ± 3.74	0.302	57.85 ± 13.02	57.20 ± 12.93	0.01 ± 2.21	0.965	0.76	0.328	0.395
Body fat percentage (%)	36.82 ± 7.17	34.77 ± 6.58	− 1.57 ± 1.88	≤ 0.001	34.22 ± 5.45	32.23 ± 6.42	− 1.87 ± 2.15	≤ 0.001	0.13	0.562	0.583
Basal metabolic rate (kcal)	1347.07 ± 292.89	1312.22 ± 259.12	− 33.00 ± 102.17	0.105	1398.55 ± 276.23	1376.76 ± 275.17	− 8.30 ± 33.84	0.222	0.51	0.136	0.246

Bold values indicate the represent statistically significant measurements, highlighting the effects of nano-curcuminsupplementation on liver fibrosis and associated biochemical and anthropometric outcomes.
¥The Independent Samples t-test was used to compare baseline values between the two groups.
*Generalized Linear Models: Adjusted comparisons based on baseline values of the assessed parameter.
**Generalized Linear Models: Adjusted comparisons based on baseline values of the assessed parameter, age, sex, diabetes status, calorie intake changes, and body mass index changes.
^†Paired t-test.

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