Table 4 Liver fibrosis, steatosis, fibrosis-4 index, and liver function tests before and after intervention.

From: Effect of nano-curcumin supplementation on liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD-associated fibrosis: a double-blind randomized controlled trial

Variable

Placebo (n = 28)

Nano-curcumin (n = 27)

P value¥

P value*

P value**

Baseline

After 16 weeks

Change

P value†

Baseline

After 16 weeks

Change

P value†

Liver fibrosis (kPa)

10.08 ± 1.62

8.67 ± 1.96

− 1.41 ± 1.71

 ≤ 0.001

10.50 ± 2.66

8.85 ± 2.49

− 1.64 ± 1.83

 ≤ 0.001

0.92

0.798

0.913

Hepatic steatosis (dB/m)

341.96 ± 41.77

297.32 ± 46.39

− 4.64 ± 41.34

 ≤ 0.001

327.96 ± 49.30

285.92 ± 42.47

− 4.03 ± 3.26

 ≤ 0.001

0.38

0.745

0.230

Fibrosis-4 index

1.17 ± 0.63

1.16 ± 0.66

− 0.01 ± 0.38

0.870

1.29 ± 0.62

1.11 ± 0.66

− 0.17 ± 0.36

0.022

0.50

0.135

0.309

ALT (U/L)

31.42 ± 14.17

31.28 ± 16.20

− 0.14 ± 11.45

0.948

46.00 ± 28.19

26.40 ± 15.60

− 19.59 ± 16.89

 ≤ 0.001

0.04

 ≤ 0.001

 ≤ 0.001

AST (U/L)

27.21 ± 10.07

26.28 ± 12.10

− 0.92 ± 11.64

0.676

38.44 ± 23.38

23.40 ± 11.20

− 15.03 ± 16.31

 ≤ 0.001

0.05

0.004

0.010

ALP (U/L)

92.53 ± 38.26

86.96 ± 41.30

− 5.57 ± 20.37

0.159

79.03 ± 18.40

79.81 ± 21.45

− 0.77 ± 14.54

0.783

0.29

0.262

0.161

GGT (U/L)

61.46 ± 6.45

53.17 ± 51.47

− 8.28 ± 47.81

0.367

59.77 ± 5.54

35.19 ± 16.53

− 15.65 ± 18.00

 ≤ 0.001

0.59

0.084

0.043

LDH (U/L)

198.96 ± 49.66

190.67 ± 54.99

− 8.28 ± 20.37

0.065

180.62 ± 33.59

158.53 ± 25.29

− 20.61 ± 23.83

 ≤ 0.001

0.10

0.016

0.025

Albumin (g/dl)

4.57 ± 0.25

4.55 ± 0.26

− 0.02 ± 0.21

0.547

4.79 ± 0.31

4.71 ± 0.25

− 0.08 ± 0.20

0.054

0.008

0.666

0.976

Platelets (1000/ML)

266.07 ± 123.75

269.57 ± 154.03

3.50 ± 65.66

0.780

238.18 ± 63.11

225.81 ± 51.22

− 12.37 ± 33.32

0.065

0.82

0.295

0.337

Total bilirubin (mg/dL)

0.58 ± 0.26

0.56 ± 0.24

− 0.01 ± 0.16

0.642

0.64 ± 0.30

0.65 ± 0.35

0.00 ± 0.18

0.885

0.25

0.522

0.718

Direct bilirubin (mg/dL)

0.21 ± 0.09

0.20 ± 0.09

− 0.01 ± 0.05

0.243

0.23 ± 0.09

0.23 ± 0.10

− 0.006 ± 0.04

0.525

0.38

0.499

0.340

  1. Bold values indicate the represent statistically significant measurements, highlighting the effects of nano-curcuminsupplementation on liver fibrosis and associated biochemical and anthropometric outcomes.
  2. ¥The Independent Samples t-test was used to compare baseline values between the two groups.
  3. *Generalized Linear Models: Adjusted comparisons based on baseline values of the assessed parameter.
  4. **Generalized Linear Models: Adjusted comparisons based on baseline values of the assessed parameter, age, sex, diabetes status, calorie intake changes, and body mass index changes.
  5. †Paired t-test.
  6. Abbreviations: ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase), AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase), ALP (Alkaline Phosphatase), GGT (Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase), LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase).
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