Table 5 Protective efficacy of R. pollinaria extract in AlCl₃-mediated biochemical toxicity.

MDA (µM g⁻¹ FW)

2.80 ± 0.46^d

2.82 ± 0.53^d

2.85 ± 0.49^d

8.14 ± 0.45^a

6.48 ± 0.41^b

5.14 ± 0.39^c

Proline (µmol g⁻¹ FW)

11.3 ± 0.38^d

11.4 ± 0.41^d

11.7 ± 0.51^d

30.6 ± 0.59^a

23.5 ± 0.51^b

18.8 ± 0.60^c

Chlorophyll a (mg g⁻¹ FW)

13.5 ± 0.44^a

13.3 ± 0.51^a

13.8 ± 0.55^a

3.93 ± 0.48^d

7.23 ± 0.48^c

9.31 ± 0.42^b

Chlorophyll b (mg g⁻¹ FW)

7.97 ± 0.51^a

7.86 ± 0.47^a

7.92 ± 0.46^a

2.05 ± 0.41^d

3.31 ± 0.40^c

4.68 ± 0.38^b

SOD (U mg⁻¹ FW)

103 ± 4.31^d

105 ± 6.30^d

104 ± 5.45^d

303 ± 5.46^a

260 ± 5.42^b

224 ± 4.98^c

CAT (OD_240 nm min g⁻¹ FW)

1.18 ± 0.05^d

1.16 ± 0.06^d

1.19 ± 0.07^d

2.95 ± 0.06^a

2.53 ± 0.07^b

2.13 ± 0.07^c