Fig. 1

Gene expression analysis of the genome-edited intestine-liver-on-a-chip. (A) Schematic of the intestine-liver-on-a-chip. (B) The gene expression levels of intestinal epithelial cell markers (VIL1, SI, ISX), drug transporters (ABCB1, ABCG2, SLC15A1) and drug-metabolizing enzymes (CYP3A4, CES1, CES2, POR, UGT1A1) were examined in WT-Caco-2 cells mono-culture, co-culture with WT-HepG2 cells, genome-edited Caco-2 cells mono-culture and co-culture with CYPs-UGT1A1 KI-HepG2 cells by real-time RT-PCR. On the y axis, the gene expression levels in the human small intestine were taken as 1.0. (C) The gene expression levels of hepatic markers (ALB, ASGR1, HNF4A) and drug-metabolizing enzymes (CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP3A4, POR, UGT1A1) in WT-HepG2 cells mono-culture, co-culture with WT-Caco-2 cells, CYPs-UGT1A1 KI-HepG2 cells mono-culture and co-culture with genome-edited Caco-2 cells. On the y axis, the gene expression levels in the PHHs at 48 h were taken as 1.0. Data represent the means ± SDs (n = 3 devices). Statistical significance was evaluated by oneway ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test (p < 0.05). Groups that do not share the same letter had significantly different results.